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UAE Labour Law Download Text version of UAE Labour Law 1. U.A.E. LABOUR LAW FEDERAL LAW NO. (8) OF 1980LABOUR LAW AND ITS AMENDMENTS 2001 2. -1- TABLE OF CONTENTSChapter I* Definitions and General Provisions ............................................... 1-5 Chapter II Employment of Employees, Juveniles and Women Section 1 Employment of Workers 5-8 Section 2 Employment of Juveniles .............................................................. 8-9 Section 3 Employment of Women ............................................................. 9-11 Section 4 Common Provisions for Employment of Juveniles ................................ 11 and Women Chapter III Employment - Contracts, - Records - & - Remuneration Section 1* Individual Employment Contracts ............................................... 12-13 Section 2 Vocational Training Contract ...................................................... 13-16 Section 3* Records and Files .................................................................... 16-17 Section 4* Remuneration ........................................................................ 18-20Chapter IV Working Hours and Leaves Section 1 Working Hours ....................................................................... 20-22 Section 2* Leaves.................................................................................. 22-25Chapter V Safety, Protection, and Their Health and Social Care of Employees ......................................................................... 25-28Chapter VI* Disciplinary Rules .................................................................. 28-30 3. -2-Chapter VII Termination of Employment Contract and End of Service Remuneration Section 1* Termination of Employment Contract ........................................... 31-38 Section 2* End of Service Remuneration ..................................................... 38-40Chapter VIII Indemnity For Labour Accidents and Occupational Diseases .......................................... 40-44Chapter IX Collective Labour Disputes ....................................................... 44-47Chapter X Labour Inspection .................................................................. 47-50Chapter XI* Penalties .............................................................................. 51-52Chapter XII Concluding Provisions ............................................................. 52-53 Schedule 1 Occupational Diseases .............................................................. 54-56 Schedule 2 Permanent Disability Compensation Assessment ............................. 57-58 Schedule 3 Terms and Provisions Governing the Distribution ................................. 59 of the Death Compensation among the family members of the Deceased Employee 4. FEDERAL LAW NO. (8) OF 1980 REGARDING THE ORGANIZATION OF LABOUR RELATIONS We, Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates; Afterperusal of the provisions of the provisional Constitution; and Law No. 1 of 1972regarding the competence of Ministries, powers of Ministers and Laws bringingamendments thereto; andIn accordance with the proposal of the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs; theapproval of the Council of Minsters and the Federal National Council as ratified bythe Federal Supreme Council, decree as follows: CHAPTER 1 DEFINITIONS AND GENERAL PROVISIONS 1. DEFINITIONS ARTICLE (1)for the implementation of the provisions of this Law, the following terms andexpressions shall have the meanings opposite thereto unless the context requiresotherwise:"Employer" : Any natural or juridical person employing one or more workers in consideration of a remuneration of any kind whatsoever."Worker" : Any male or female person who receives remuneration of any kind for work performed thereby in the services of an employer and under his management or control, even if the employee is off employers sight. This meaning shall also apply to officials and employees who are in the service of the employer and are subject to the provisions hereof."Establishment" : Any economic, technical, industrial or commercial unit in which workers are employed and the objectives of which are to produce or market commodities or to provide services of any kind. 5. -2-"Employment Contract" : Any Agreement, whether for a limited or for an unlimited period, concluded between an employer and an employee under which the latter undertakes to work in the service of the employer and under his management or control against a remuneration payable to him by the employer."Work" : Any human effort, be it intellectual, technical or physical, extended against a remuneration whether the said work is permanent or temporary."Temporary Work" : Work which is by nature to be executed or completed within a specific period of time."Agricultural Work" : Work involving soil ploughing, cultivation, and harvesting of any kind of crops as well as breeding of cattle, poultry, silkworms, bees and the like."Continuous Service" : Uninterrupted service with the same employer or his lawful successor from the date of commencement of the service."Remuneration"* : Remuneration is whatever is given to the employee in consideration of his services under the employment contract, whether in cash or in kind, payable annually, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly, or by piece-meal or pro rata to the production or as a commission. The remuneration includes the high cost of living allowance, and any benefit given to the employee in reward for his honesty or efficiency, provided always that these amounts * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 6. -3- are prescribed in the Company bylaws or in the employment contract, or normally practiced or granted to the employees, until they have been regarded by these as an integral part of the remuneration rather than a donation.BASIC REMUNERATION* It is the pay provided for in the employment contract during its validity between both parties. Allowances whatsoever are not included in this remuneration."Employment Injury" : Any of the occupational diseases listed in the schedule attached hereto or any other accident sustained by the worker during the performance or as a result of his work. Any accident sustained by the worker on his way to or back from his work shall be deemed an employment injury provided that the trip to or from the place of work is made directly, without delay, default or diversion from the normal route."Labour Department" : Branches affiliated to the Ministry of Labour, having competence to look into Labour Matters in the Emirates, Members of the Federation. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS ARTICLE (2)The Arabic Language is the one to be used in all records, contracts, files, statementsand other documents as may be provided for in this Law or in any orders orregulations issued in implementation of the provisions hereof. The Use of Arabic shallalso be compulsory in instructions and circulares issued by the employer to hisemployees. If a foreign language besides the Arabic language is used, the Arabiclanguage shall prevail over other texts. * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 7. -4- ARTICLE (3)*The provisions of this Law are not applicable to the following categories:a) Officials, employees and workers of the Federal Government, Governmental Departments of the Member Emirates of the State, Officials, employees and workers of municipalities as well as other officials, employees and workers, working in Federal and local public Departments and organizations, as well as the officials, employees and workers appointed for Governmental Federal and Local Projects.b) Members of the Armed Forces of Police and Security.c) Domestic servants working in Private residences and the like.d) Workers employed in Agriculture or pastures, other than those persons employed in the agricultural corporations engaged in processing their products or those permanently engaged in operating or repairing mechanical machines required for Agriculture. ARTICLE (4)All amounts payable to the employee or his beneficiaries under this Law shall havelien on all the employers movable and immovable properties. And payment thereofshall be made immediately after payment of any legal expenses, sums due to thepublic treasury and Sharia alimony awarded to wife and children. ARTICLE (5)Cases filed by employees or their beneficiaries under this Law shall be exempted fromcourt fees at all stages of litigation and execution and shall be expeditiously heard. Inthe event of non-acceptance or dismissal of the action, the court may order thePlaintiff to pay all or part of the expenses. ARTICLE (6)**Without prejudice to the provisions concerning the collective labour disputes,stipulated hereunder, if the employer, worker or any beneficiary thereof lodges claim * Amended by Federal Law No. (24) of 1981 and amended for the second time by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986 . ** Amended by Federal Law No. 12 of 1986. 8. -5-concerning any of the rights occurring to any of them under this law, he is required toapply to the concerned Labour Department, and the latter shall call both parties andwill take whatever is considered necessary for settlement of dispute between themamicably. But if amicable settlement has not been reached, the said department mustrefer the dispute to the competent Court within a fortnight from the date of applicationbeing submitted to it. The case so referred should be accompanied with a memogiving a summary of the dispute, evidence of both parties and the comments of theDepartment.Within three days from date of receipt of the application the Court will fix a hearing for the case, and a summon to this effect will be served upon both parties of the dispute. The Court may request a representative to appear for the Department ofLabour to explain the contents of the memo submitted by it.In all cases no claim for any rights due according to the provisions of this Law will beheard after lapse of one year from date of its maturity, neither will the action be heardif the procedures provided for in this Article have not been complied with. ARTICLE (7)Terms inconsistent with the provisions of this Law including those whose effectivedate may precede the enforcement of this Law shall, unless they are proved morebeneficial to the worker, be deemed null and void. ARTICLE (8)Dates and periods stipulated herein shall be construed according to the gregoriancalendar. In the application of the provisions of this Law a calendar year is 365 daysand month is 30 days unless stated otherwise in the employment contract. CHAPTER II EMPLOYMENT OF WORKERS, JUVENILES AND WOMEN SECTION I EMPLOYMENT OF WORKERS ARTICLE (9)Work is a right of the United Arab Emirates Nationals. Others may not by employedin the United Arab Emirates except as provided for in this Law and its executiveorders. 9. -6- ARTICLE (10)In the event of non-availability of national workers, preference shall be given to:1.Arab workers who are nationals of an Arab Country.2.Workers of other nationalities. ARTICLE (11)A Section at the Labour Department shall be created for the employment of nationalsand shall be vested with the following functions:a. Supply of suitable employment opportunities for nationals.b. Giving assistance to employers to satisfy their requirements of national workers when needed.c. Registering unemployed nationals and those who seek better jobs in a special register. The registration shall be made as requested by the workers and certificates of registration shall be granted free of charge on the day of submitting the applications. The registration certificate shall be given a serial number and shall include the applicants name, age, place of residence, occupation, qualifications and past experience. ARTICLE (12)Unemployed national employees may be recruited by employers who must notify theLabour Department of the same in writing within fifteen days from date ofemployment. The notice shall include the employees name, age, the date on which heassumes his duties, the remuneration fixed for him, the type of work assigned to himand the serial number of the certificate of registration. ARTICLE (13)Employees who are not UAE nationals may be employed in the United Arab Emiratesonly after approval of the Labour Department and the obtainment of a work permit inaccordance with the procedures decided by Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs.Work permits may only be granted if the following conditions are fulfilled.a. That the employee has the professional competence of educational qualifications that are needed by the State.b. That the employee has lawfully entered the Country and complies with the conditions stipulated by the residence regulations in force in the State. 10. -7- Article (14)The Labour Department may not approve the employment of employees who are notUAE nationals unless its records show that none of the unemployed nationalemployees who are registered with the Labour Section is qualified for the job. ARTICLE (15)The Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs may cancel work permits granted to non-nationals in any of the following cases:a. If the employee remains unemployed for a period exceeding three consecutive months.b. If the employee fails to meet one or more of the conditions on basis of which the permit is granted.c. If the Ministry is satisfied that a certain national employee is qualified to replace the employee; in this case the employee shall continue to carry out his work until the expiry of his contract of employment or his work permit, whichever occurs earlier. ARTICLE (16)A special Section shall be established at the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs forthe employment of non-nationals and the functions of said Section shall be regulatedby a Ministerial Resolution. ARTICLE (17)No natural person or body-corporate is allowed to work as an agent or supplier ofnon-national employees unless he has a license to do so.However, such license may be issued if necessity so requires only to nationals byorder of the Minister of Labour. A license shall be valid for one year subject ofrenewal, and the licensee shall be under the supervision and control of the Ministry.Said Licenses may not be granted if an Employment Office pertaining to the Ministryor to an authority approved by the Ministry is already operating in the area and is ableto act as intermediary to supply labour. ARTICLE (18)It is not permissible for any licensed labour agent or supplier to demand or acceptfrom any worker whether before or after his recruitment, any commission or material 11. -8-reward in consideration for arranging such recruitment, nor may he obtain from himany expenses except as may be decided or approved by the Ministry of Labour andSocial Affairs.The persons supplied by a recruitment agent or a labour supplier shall, immediatelyupon joining the service of an employer, be considered employees of that employerand shall be entitled to all the rights enjoyed by the employees of the establishment inwhich they are employed. The relations between such employees and the employershall be direct and without any interference from the labour agent whose task andrelation with them shall cease to exist as soon as they are introduced to and employedby the employer. ARTICLE (19)The Minister of Labour and Social Affairs shall determine all rules, formalities andforms used by private and public labour offices as well as cooperation andcoordination methods to be adopted between the various activities of these offices andthe conditions under which licenses may be issued for the establishment of privateemployment offices or agencies or labour suppliers. Lists showing professionalcategories to be used as basis for placement operation shall also be defined by theMinister of Labour and Social Affairs. SECTION 2 EMPLOYMENT OF JUVENILES ARTICLE (20)It is prohibited to employ a juvenile of either sex before he/she completes fifteen yearsof age. ARTICLE (21)Before a juvenile is employed, the employer shall obtain the following documentsfrom him/her and keep them in the juveniles personal file:1. A birth certificate of an official extract thereof or an age estimation certificate issued by a competent medical officer and endorsed by the competent Health Authorities.2. A certificate issued by a competent medical officer and duly attested to the effect that the juvenile concerned is medically fit for the job. 12. -9-3. A written consent signed by the juveniles guardian, or custodian. ARTICLE (22)The Employer shall keep a special register for the juveniles at the work premises,showing the juveniles name, full name of juveniles guardian or custodian, place ofresidence, date of employment and job title. ARTICLE (23)Juveniles may not be employed at night in industrial projects. The term "night" shallmean a period of not less than twelve consecutive hours including the period from 8p.m to 6 a.m. ARTICLE (24)Juveniles may not be employed in jobs which are considered hazardous, exhausting ordetrimental to health as may be decided by the Minister of Labour after consultingwith the competent authorities. ARTICLE (25)The maximum number of actual working hours for juveniles shall be six hours perday. During working hours one or more break times should be given for rest, mealsor prayer purposes provided that such time should not be less than one hour. Suchtime or times have to be determined in a way that juveniles may not workconsecutively over four hours. A juvenile may not remain continuously over sevenhours at the place of work. ARTICLE (26)Under no circumstances, may juveniles by instructed to work overtime, stay in theemployment premises beyond the hours of work fixed for them or asked to work onholidays. SECTION 3 EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN ARTICLE (27)Women may not be required to work at night. The term "night" means a period of notless than eleven consecutive hours including the period from 10 p.m to 7 a.m. ARTICLE (28)The following cases shall be excepted from the clause prohibiting women to work at 13. - 10 -night.a. In the event where the work in the establishment is stopped due to force majeure.b. Work in responsible managerial and technical jobs.c. Work in medical and other services as may be decided by the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs if the working woman does not normally carry out a manual job. ARTICLE (29)Women may not be employed where jobs are hazardous, harmful or detrimental tohealth or morals, and in such other jobs as may be decided by the Minister of Labourand Social Affairs after consulting with the competent authorities. ARTICLE (30)A working woman is entitled to maternity leave with full pay for a period of forty fivedays including the time before and after delivery, provided that her continuous periodof service with the employer should not be less than a year, but if a working womanhas not completed the said period, the maternity leave shall be with half pay.A working woman, on the expiry of the maternity leave, may discontinue workwithout pay for a maximum period of one hundred consecutive or intermittent days ifsuch absence is due to illness which does not enable her to resume work. Such illnessshall be evidenced by a medical certificate issued by a medical authority attested bythe competent health authority or endorsed by such authorities to the effect that theillness resulted from pregnancy or delivery.Leave provided for in the preceding two paragraphs shall not be computed as part ofother leaves. ARTICLE (31)In addition to any prescribed rest period, a working woman nursing her child shall,during the eighteen months following the date of delivery, be entitled to twoadditional breaks each day for this purpose, neither of which shall exceed half anhour.These two additional periods shall be considered as working hours and shall not cause 14. - 11 -any reduction of remuneration. ARTICLE (32)A working woman shall be entitled to the same wage as that of a working man, if shedoes the same work. SECTION 4 COMMON PROVISIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT OF JUVENILES & WOMEN ARTICLE (33)The Minister of Labour and Social Affairs may decide to exempt charity andeducational organizations from all or part of the provisions stipulated in the twopreceding sections of this Chapter if the objects of such organizations are to providevocational rehabilitation or training to juveniles or women on condition that the by-laws of these organizations provide for the nature of the work to be carried out byjuveniles and women, the working hours and conditions in a manner thatcommensurate with the actual potentiality of women and juveniles. ARTICLE (34)Criminal liability in respect of the enforcement of the provisions provided for inSections 2 and 3 of this Chapter shall be incurred by:a. The Employers of their representative.b. The Guardians or trustees of juveniles, husbands, guardians or trustees of minor women if they have agreed to the employment of women and juveniles contrary to the provisions of the Law. CHAPTER III EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS, RECORDS AND REMUNERATION SECTION 1 INDIVIDUAL EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS 15. - 12 - ARTICLE (35)Subject to the provisions of Article 2, the employment contract shall be made induplicate, on copy to be given to the employee and the other to the employer.In absence of a written contract all of its conditions may be proved by all legal meansof evidence. ARTICLE (36)The employment contract shall in particular specify the date of its conclusion, the dateon which work begins, nature and place of work, duration of the contract in the caseof contract with limited period and the amount of the remuneration. ARTICLE (37)*The employee may be appointed for a probationary period not to exceed six months,and the employer may terminate the services of the employee during this periodwithout giving a notice or end of service remuneration. Appointment of the employeeon probation basis in the service of one particular employer may not be made morethan once. However if the employee passed the probationary period satisfactorily, andremained in service, such period of service shall be computed in the period of hisservice. ARTICLE (38)An employment contract may either be for a limited or an unlimited period. If it is fora limited period, such period shall not exceed four years and the contract may withmutual agreement be renewed one or more times for similar or shorter period/periods.In the event of renewal of the contract the new period/periods are deemed to be anextension of the original period and shall be added thereto in calculation of theemployees total period of service. ARTICLE (39)An employment contract is considered a contract for an unlimited period effectivefrom the day of its commencement in any of the following cases:1.If it is not concluded in writing . * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 16. - 13 -2. If it is made for an unlimited period.3. If it is made in writing for a limited period and continues to be applied by both parties after lapse of its period without a written agreement between them.4. If it is concluded for the performance of a specific job for which no period is fixed, or if the job by its nature calls for renewal, and has remained in force despite the completion of work agreed to. ARTICLE (40)If both parties have continued to apply the contract after the lapse of its original termor completion of work agreed to, without an express agreement, it should beunderstood that the original contract has been extended under the same conditionsexcept for condition regrading its duration. ARTICLE (41)If an employer entrusts another party with the performance of any of his basic worksor any part thereof, this latter becomes solely responsible for any entitlement due tothe workers executing the subsidiary work under the provisions of this Law. SECTION 2 VOCATIONAL TRAINING CONTRACT ARTICLE (42)A vocational training contract is a contract under which the proprietor of anestablishment undertakes to equip an individual who attained at least twelve years ofage with full vocational training in compliance with the vocation principles. Theapprentice shall undertake to serve the employer during the training period under suchterms and for such period as may be agreed. The training contract shall be made inwriting, otherwise it shall be null and void. Also the employer or any person givingthe training must be adequately qualified and experienced in the vocation or trade inwhich the employee is to be trained. Furthermore, technical facilities and conditionsrequired for teaching the vocation or trade must be made available at theestablishment itself. ARTICLE (43)A trainee who attains legal age shall sign the contract himself. It is not permissible for 17. - 14 -any one who did not attain 18 years of age to enter into training contract directly byhimself, but shall be represented by his natural or legal guardian or trustee. ARTICLE (44)1. A training contract shall be made in at least three copies, one of which shall be deposited with the competent labour department for registration and authentication purposes. Each of the two parties shall retain one authenticated company.2. If the training contract which must be registered contains any provisions contrary to the Law or the regulation and orders issued in implementation thereof, the competent labour department may require the parties thereof to remedy thereto.3. If the competent labour department does not make any comment or objection within a period of one month from the date on which the training contract is deposited therewith, the contract shall be deemed de facto endorsed from date of its deposit. ARTICLE (45)The training contract shall contain details on the identity of parties thereto and/or theirrepresentatives as the case may be together with the procedures, period, phases andthe vocation subject of the training. ARTICLE (46)The employer shall give the trainee sufficient time for theoretical education and shallthroughout the period fixed in the contract train him on the proper methods and skillsof the vocation for which he is employed; the employer shall also grant the trainee acertificate on completion of each phase of training in accordance with the provisionscontained in this Section and a final certificate on completion of the training period.The final certificate shall be endorsable by the competent Labour Department inaccordance with such rules and procedures as may be determined by the Minister ofLabour and Social Affairs. ARTICLE (47)The training contract may contain an undertaking by the employer to the effect that oncompletion of his training he shall work for the employer or at the establishmentwhere he has been trained for a period not exceeding twice the training period. The 18. - 15 -employer may undertake in the training contract to employ the employee oncompletion of the latters period of training. ARTICLE (48)The Contract shall determine remuneration to be paid for each phase of training, andthe remuneration for the final phase shall not be less than the minimum salaryprescribed for a similar work and shall not in any case whatsoever be fixed on piece-meal basis or on production basis. ARTICLE (49)A trainee who is under 18 years of age shall before commencement of trainingundergo medical examination to ascertain his health condition and ability to carry outthe duties of the vocation for which he wishes to be trained, should particular physicaland health conditions be required. The medical report should certify that the traineecandidate satisfies the physical and health conditions required. ARTICLE (50)The Minister of Labour & Social Affairs can decide to regulate training for vocationsand trades which require apprenticeship and fix the period of training of suchvocations and trades, theoretical and practical training programs, the conditions ofexamination and the certificate given on completion of the training period.The Minister shall give his decision in this respect after taking the opinion of thepublic establishments concerned. In all cases the Minister may consult one or moreexperts in the profession or vacation where apprenticeship is required to be regulated. ARTICLE (51)The Minister of Labour and Social Affairs may decide to establish vocational trainingcenters independently or in co-operation with national, foreign or internationalvocational or charitable bodies.The decision to establish a center shall determine the vocation for which training is tobe provided, condition for admission to the center, the theoretical and practicalcurricula, the rules of vocational examinations and certificates and any other mattersnecessary for better performance of the center. ARTICLE (52) 19. - 16 -The Minister of Labour and Social Affairs may impose upon such establishments,companies and proprietors of industries, vocations and trades as may be determinedby him to accept a certain number or a certain percentage of national trainees forwork under such terms and conditions and for such periods as may be decided by theMinister of Labour. Moreover, the Minister of Labour may require saidestablishments, companies, and proprietors of industries, vocations and trades as maybe determined by him to accept for training purposes and additional practicalexperience a certain number of a certain percentage of students of industrial andvocational institutes and centers students under such terms and conditions and for suchperiods as may be agreed with the management of the establishment concerned. SECTION 3 RECORDS AND FILES ARTICLE (53)*Each employer employing five or more employees shall abide by the following :1. He shall keep a special file for each employee, showing his name, profession, age, nationality, place of residence, marital status, effective date of service, pay and whatever changes effected on the pay, penalties invoked against him, injuries and vocational diseases sustained by him, date of service termination and causes of that.2. He shall prepare a card for each employee and keep it in his personal file. The card is to be divided into three parts, one for annual leaves, the second for sick leaves and the third for other leaves. The employer or whoever acts for him shall record in this card any leaves obtained by the employee, and it shall be referred to this card whenever the employee applies for leave. ARTICLE (54)*Each employer employing fifteen or more employees shall keep in each place ofbusiness or branch where he practices business, the following records and documents: * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. * Amended by Federal Law No. 12 of 1986. 20. - 17 -1. Register of wages: In this register names of employees are to be listed showing the dates for joining of service, and fixing the amount of daily, weekly or monthly pay, along with its benefits, or piece-meal pay, or the commission to each one of them, his working days, and the date for his final departure from work.2. Register of work injuries: All work injuries accidents and vocational diseases sustained by the employees shall be recorded in this register as soon as they are brought to the knowledge of employer.3. The Regulations of the Work: These regulations shall particularly define the daily working hours, weekly holiday, other holidays, necessary measures and precautions to be taken for avoiding work injuries, and fire hazards. They shall be displayed at visible place in the premises of business. Such regulations and any amendments thereof, will not take effect, unless they have been approved by the Labour Department within thirty days from the date they are submitted thereto.4. Penalties Sheet: It has to be displayed at a visible place in the premises of business, listing the penalties that may be invoked on the defaulting employees, and citing the conditions and cases for putting them into operation. Enforcement of penalties and any amendments thereof, should be subject to approval by the Ministry of Labour within thirty day from the date of submitting the same thereto. SECTION 4 REMUNERATION ARTICLE (55)Remuneration shall be paid on a working day and at the place of work in the lawfullycirculating national currency. ARTICLE (56)Employees engaged on yearly or monthly remuneration shall be paid at least once amonth. All other employees shall receive their remuneration at least once every twoweeks. ARTICLE (57) 21. - 18 -The daily remuneration of an employee on piece pay shall be computed on the basis ofthe average pay received for actual days of work during the period of six months priorto the termination of service. ARTICLE (58)Settlement of the remuneration payable to employees irrespective of its amount ornature shall be evidenced only in writing, by declaration or oath. Any agreement tothe contrary shall be null and void even if made before the effective date of this Law. ARTICLE (59)No worker shall be obliged to buy food or other commodities from specific shops orproducts manufactured by the employer. ARTICLE (60)Any amounts of money may not be deducted from the employees remuneration torecover particular rights, except in the following cases:a. Repayment of advances or amounts of money paid to the employee in excess of his entitlement, provided that deduction in this case may not exceed 10% of the employees periodic pay.b. Installments which are payable by law by the employees from their remuneration, such as social security and insurance schemes.c. Subscriptions of the employees in the saving fund or advances due for payment to the fund.d. Installments in respect of any social scheme or other privileges or services provided by the employer and approved by the Labour Department.e. Fines imposed upon the employee due to offenses committed by him.f. Any debts payable in execution of court judgment provided that not more than a quarter of the employees pay shall be deducted. In the event of numerous debts or creditors, half of the remuneration at the most may be deducted and the sums of money attached shall be divided pro rata among beneficiaries after payment of any legal alimony amounting to one quarter of the remuneration. 22. - 19 - ARTICLE (61)*If the employee has caused the loss, damage or destruction to any tools, machines,equipment or products owned by or kept in custody of the employer, to the extent thatinvolvement of the employee was due to his fault or violation of the employersinstructions, then the employer has the option to cut from the employees pay theamount required for rectifying error or restoring the item to its original condition,provided that the amount to be deducted shall not exceed five day pay each month.The employer can apply to the competent court through the concerned LabourDepartment for authorizing him to deduct more than this amount if the employee isfinancially sound or has another source of money. ARTICLE (62)The employer may not transfer an employee from the monthly pay to the daily,weekly, hourly or piece work pay except with the latters written consent. ARTICLE (63)The minimum salary and the cost of living allowances payable generally or withrespect to a certain area or a particular profession, shall be fixed by a Federal Decreeissued pursuant to proposal made by the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs andapproved by the Council of Ministers. The Ministers proposal shall be made eitherfor description or reconsideration of the minimum pay after consulting with thecompetent authorities and trade agencies if any for both employers and employeesbased on studies and schedules of the cost of living price fluctuations prepared byconcerned authorities in the State. Such minimum pay shall in all cases be enough forthe employees basic needs and to secure means of living. ARTICLE (64)Minimum salary and its amendments shall come into operation from date ofpublication of the specific decree in the Official Gazette. CHAPTER IV WORKING HOURS AND LEAVES SECTION 1 WORKING HOURS * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 23. - 20 - ARTICLE (65)The maximum normal working hours for adult employees shall be eight hours per dayor forty eight hours per week. However, working hours for the employees ofcommercial establishments, hotels, restaurants, watchmen and similar operations maybe increased to nine hours per day as determined by the Minister of Labour.Likewise, working hours per day in respect of hazardous work or work detrimental tohealth, may be decreased by decision of the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs.During the month of Ramadan, normal working hours shall be reduced by two hours.Time spent by the employee in transport form his residence to the place of work shallnot be included in the working hours. ARTICLE (66)Daily working hours shall be regulated in a way that no employee shall work overfive hours consecutively without break times for rest, food and prayer with a total notless than one hour, provided that such times shall not be counted in working hours. Infactories and workshops where work is rotated on night and day shift basis, or inplaces of business where technical and economic reasons necessitate round the clockwork, break times for rest, food and prayer shall be determined by the Minister. ARTICLE (67)If circumstances of work necessitate that an employee works more than the normalworking hours, the extra time shall be considered overtime, for which the employeeshall receive a remuneration equal to that corresponding to his normal working hoursplus an extra of at least 25 percent of such remuneration. ARTICLE (68)If circumstance of work necessitate that an employee works overtime between 9.00p.m and 4.00 a.m., he shall be entitled to normal working hours pay plus an increaseequal to at least 50% of such pay. ARTICLE (69)Actual overtime may not exceed two hours per day unless work in necessary toprevent substantial loss or serious accident or to eliminate or alleviate its effects. ARTICLE (70)Friday is the normal weekly holiday for all employees except for those on daily wage 24. - 21 -bases.If the employee is required to work on Friday he shall be granted one day off for restor be paid the basic pay for normal working hours plus 50% increase at least of suchpay. ARTICLE (71)Except for labourers on daily wage an employee may not work on more than twoFridays successively. ARTICLE (72)The provisions of this Section shall not apply to the following categories:1. Persons holding responsible senior posts in the management or supervision if holders of such titles are vested with the authorities or employers over employees, and such category is to be determined by the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs.2. Ship crews and sea men who work under special service conditions due to the nature of their work, excluding Sea Port workers who are engaged in loading and off-loading and related works. ARTICLE (73)A Notice Board showing the weekly closing day, working hours and rest times for allcategories of employees must be fixed at conspicuous place on the main gate used asentrance by employees and in the premises of work and a copy of the notice should besubmitted to the competent Labour Department.If the weekly closure system is not applied by the place of business, a notice showingthe weekly rest day for each category of employees shall be fixed by the employer atthe places referred to in the preceding paragraph. SECTION 2 LEAVES ARTICLE (74)Each employee is entitled to an official leave with full pay on the following occasions: 25. - 22 -- Hijra New Year. One day- Christian New Year. One day- Eid Al Fitr Two days- Eid Al Adha and Waqfa day Three days- Birthday of the Prophet One day- Ascension Day One day- National Day One day ARTICLE (75)The employee must be granted an annual leave during each year of service which maynot be less than:1. Two days per month in respect of any employee with more than six months and less than one year of service.2. Thirty days per annum in respect of any employee whose period of service exceeds on year.In the event of termination of an employees service he shall be entitled to an annualleave for the fractions of the last year of service. ARTICLE (76)The employer may at his discretion determine the date for commencement of annualleaves and, when necessary, he may decide to divide the leave in two parts at themost, except in cases of juveniles where vacation may not be divided in parts. ARTICLE (77)*The annual leave period is deemed to include such holidays as prescribed by law or asagreed to, and any other periods of sickness, occurred during this leave and isconsidered as part thereof. ARTICLE (78)*The employee shall receive his basic pay in addition to housing allowance, if any forthe annual leave days. However if the exigencies of work necessitate that theemployee works during his annual leave in whole or in part, and the period of leaveduring which he has worked, has not been carried forward to the next year, the * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 26. - 23 -employer ought to pay him his wage in addition to cash in lieu of leave for hisworking days based on his basic pay. ARTICLE (79)The employee is entitled to receive cash in lieu of annual leave days not availed byhim, if he was dismissed or if he left the service, after the period of notice stipulatedby law. Cash in lieu of leave is calculated on the bases of pay received by theemployee at the time of maturity of such leave. ARTICLE (80)Remuneration due to an employee plus that of the approved leave under this law shallbe paid in full by the employer to the employee before the latters departure on annualleave. ARTICLE (81)If exigencies of work necessitate that the employee work on holidays or rest daysagainst which he receives full or partial pay he shall be compensated in lieu thereofwith increase in pay by 50% of his wage, but if he has not been compensated for thesame with a leave, the employer shall pay him an increase to his basic wageequivalent to 150% of the days of work. ARTICLE (82)If the employee falls sick for reasons other than labour injury he must report hisillness within a period of two days at most and the employer must take necessarymeasures having him medically checked up to ascertain illness. ARTICLE (83)*1. During the probationary period, the employee is not entitled to any paid sick leave.2. If the employee spends over three months after completion of the probationary period, in the continuous service of employer, and falls sick during this period, he becomes entitled to a sick leave not more than 90 days either continuous or intermittent per each year or service, computed as follows:- * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 27. - 24 -A. The first fifteen days with full pay.B. The next thirty days, with half pay.c. The subsequent period, without pay. ARTICLE (84)Pay during sick leave shall not be made if sickness resulted from mis-behaviour of theemployee such as consumption of alcohol or narcotics. ARTICLE (85)The employer may terminate the services of an employee who fails to resume hisduties at the end of such leave as stipulated in Article (82), (83) and (84) hereof, andin such case the employee shall be entitled to his gratuity in accordance with theprovisions of this Law. ARTICLE (86)If an employee resigns from service because of illness before the lapse of the first 45days of the sick leave and the Government Medical Officer or the physician appointedby the employer justifies the causes of resignation, the employer must pay to theemployee his remuneration due for the period remaining from the first 45 daysreferred to above. ARTICLE (87)A special leave without pay may be granted for the performance of pilgrimage to theemployee once through-out his service and shall not be counted among other leavesand may not exceed 30 days. ARTICLE (88)*During the annual leave or sick leave provided for hereunder, the employee may notwork for another Employer; however, if the employer has established that theemployee has done this, he shall have the right to terminate the service of employeewithout notice, and to deprive him of the leave pay due to him. ARTICLE (89)Subject to the provisions herein contained, every employee who does not report toduty immediately after expiry of his vacation, he shall be deprived of his pay for theperiod of absence commencing from the day following to the date on which the leave * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 28. - 25 -has expired. ARTICLE (90)Without prejudice to cases where the employer has the right to dismiss the employeewithout notice or gratuity as prescribed herein, the employer may not dismiss anemployee or serve him with a notice of dismissal during his leave as is provided for inthis Section. CHAPTER V SAFETY, PROTECTION, AND THEIR HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE OF THE EMPLOYEES ARTICLE (91)Every employer must provide adequate means of protection for the employee from thehazards of injuries and vocational diseases that may occur during work as well as thehazards of fire and other hazards arising from use of machines and other tools, and hemust apply all other means of protection as approved by the Ministry of Labour &Social Affairs, and the employee must use protective equipment and clothing providedto him for such purpose and he must abide by all instructions of the employer aimingat his protection from dangers and must not act in a way that may obstruct theapplication of said instruction. ARTICLE (92)Every employer must display at a conspicuous point in the place of business detailedinstructions concerning methods to prevent fire and protect employees from dangerswhile they perform their duties. Said instructions shall read in Arabic and, ifnecessary, in another language understood by the employees. ARTICLE (93)Each employee has to arrange for one medical aid box(s), supplied with medicines,bandages disinfectants and other relief aids, to be fixed in a conspicuous place withinthe reach of employees and to be used by a specialist in handling first aids, and everyone hundred employees should be provided with an aid box. Each first- aid box shallbe sufficient for every 100 employees. ARTICLE (94)Without prejudice to the provisions of by-laws and regulations issued by concerned 29. - 26 -government authorities the employer must provide proper cleanliness and ventilationin each place of business and must provide such places with adequate illumination,potable water and toilets. ARTICLE (95)The employer must appoint one physicians(s) to do full medical checkup at least onceeach 6 months regularly for his employees who are exposed to the danger of infectionwith any of the occupational diseases reserved in the schedule attached hereto, and torecord the results in his registers and in the personal files of such employees and thecases of occupational diseases must be reported instantly by the doctors to theemployers and the Labour Department after these become certain through medical andlaboratory analysis. The physician in charge of regular medical check up may ask fora second medical checkup for any employee who is exposed to occupational diseasesbefore the lapse of the time limit stated in the para. under this article if the case of theemployee so requires. ARTICLE (96)The employer must provide employees with means of medical care according to thestandards decided by the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs in collaboration withthe Minister of Health.The Minister of Labour and Social Affairs has the capacity in consultation with theMinistry of Health, to determine the general Measures for health preventionapplicable to all establishments having staff and in particular such measures relating tosafety, illumination, ventilation and dining rooms, as well as supply of potable andcleaning water and measures relating to purification of atmosphere form dust andsmoke and to stipulate precautionary measures against fire and electric current. ARTICLE (97)The employer or his representative at the time of appointment must keep employeesinformed of the dangers related to their profession and preventive measures they haveto take. Moreover, the employer must display detailed written instructions in thisrespect at places of business. ARTICLE (98)The employer or his representative at the time of appointment must keep employeesinformed of the dangers related to their profession and preventive measures they haveto take. Moreover, the employer must display detailed written instructions in this 30. - 27 -respect at places of business. ARTICLE (99)Employers, agents of the employers or any other persons having authority onemployees may not permit entry of any kind of alcoholic drinks into the places ofbusiness for consumption threat, and they may not permit entrance into or stay at theestablishment or any intoxicated person. ARTICLE (100)The employee shall abide by instructions and orders related to business safety andprecautions, and adopt precautionary methods and pledge to care for items thereof inhis possession. It is prohibited for an employee to act in any way that may contraveneenforcement of said instructions or misuse methods placed for health and safetyprotection of employees or which may cause loss or damage to the same. ARTICLE (101)Each employer who employs employees in areas that are remote from cities wherethere is no access to normal means of transportation shall provide employees with thefollowing facilities:1. Adequate means of transport2. Adequate accommodation3. Drinking water4. Proper foodstuff5. Medical aid equipment6. Entertainment and sports amenities.Areas to which all or part of the provisions of this Article apply shall be stated bydecision of the Minister of Labour & Social Affairs.With exception of foodstuff, all services referred to in this Article shall be at theexpense of the employer and nothing hereof is to be borne by the employee. CHAPTER VI DISCIPLINARY RULES ARTICLE (102)Disciplinary penalties which may be imposed by the employer or its agent upon its 31. - 28 -employees are as follows:1. Warning.2. Fine.3. Suspension from work with reduced pay for a period not exceeding ten days.4. Forfeiture of deferment of periodic increment in establishments where such increments system is applied.5. Forfeiture or deferment of promotion in establishments where promotion system is applied.6. Dismissal from service but reserving right to end of service benefits.7. Dismissal from service together with forfeiture of all or part of the benefits, provided that penalties shall not be imposed for reasons other than those specifically prescribed in Article (120) of this Law. ARTICLE (103)The disciplinary code determines the cases where each of the disciplinary penaltiesprescribed in the preceding Article may be imposed. The Mister of Labour and SocialAffairs may issue by decision, a model penalty and benefits schedule to guideemployers in setting up their respective regulations in this regard. ARTICLE (104)A fine may be a certain amount of money or an amount equal to the remuneration ofthe employee for a certain period of time. A fine in respect of a single offence maynot exceed remuneration payable for five days. It is not permissible to deduct withinone month an amount equal to more than five days pay from the employeesremuneration in settlement of fines imposed upon him. ARTICLE (105)A special register shall be kept where shall be entered all penalties imposed uponemployees showing reason and occasion of penalty, employees name and his pay.A special account shall be made for this purpose and monthly total thereof shall beallocated for employees social welfare in accordance with a decision to be taken bythe Minister of Labour and Social Affairs in this respect. ARTICLE (106)Periodical increment may not be forfeited more than once in a year nor may the saidincrement be deferred for more than six months. 32. - 29 - ARTICLE (107)No forfeiture of promotion may be made for more than one promotion step. Thepunished employee shall be promoted on the next immediate step when such employeebecomes qualified for promotion. ARTICLE (108)Financial proceeds collected by the employer as a result of the differences arisingfrom forfeiture of increment or allowance or delay of the same shall be recorded in aspecial register with reasons thereof, name of the employee and amount of hisremuneration. Monthly proceeds of such differences shall be allocated for spending onemployees social welfare as may be decided by the Minister of Labour and SocialAffairs in this regard. ARTICLE (109)Disciplinary penalties may not be imposed on an employee who has committed anoffence outside the place of business unless the said act is relevant to the business, theemployer or its manager. Nor is it permitted to apply more than one penalty in respectof one offence or to combine between disciplinary penalty and deducting part of theemployees pay in accordance with the provisions of Article (61) of this Law. ARTICLE (110)Any of the penalties prescribed in Article 102 may not be applied on the employeeunless he is notified in writing of the charge taken against him and unless hisstatement is heard and his defence is investigated and unless all that is recorded in areport kept in his personal file.Penalty shall be noted at the bottom of the said report. The employee shall be notifiedin writing of the kind, amount and reasons of penalties and the action taken againsthim in case of repetition of the offence. ARTICLE (111)An employee may not be charged with a disciplinary offence after lapse of thirty daysfrom disclosure of the same, nor may a disciplinary penalty be imposed after the lapseof sixty days from closing of investigation on the offence and finding an evidenceagainst the employee. 33. - 30 - ARTICLE (112)*If the employee has been charged with premeditated crime, such as his involvement ina physical assault or robbery of property or other offenses such as the abuse ofhonesty, breach of trust or strikes, the said employee may be temporarily suspendedfrom work.If a judgement releases the employee from standing a trial or acquits him he shall bereinstated to his work and his remuneration for the suspension period be paid to himin full in cases where his suspension was maliciously contrived by the employer. CHAPTER VII TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT AND END OF SERVICE REMUNERATION SECTION 1 TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT ARTICLE (113)The employment contract is deemed to be terminated in any of the following cases:- In the event of mutual consent by both parties to terminate the contract provided that the employees consent is made in writing.- On expiry of the period specified in the contract unless the contract is expressly or implicitly extended in accordance with the provisions of this Law.- At the option of either party in unlimited contracts provided that the provisions of this Law regarding warnings and acceptable causes for termination of the contract without abuse are fully complied with. ARTICLE (114)A contract of employment shall not expire by reason of death of the employer unlessthe subject matter of the contract is related to him in person. However, the contractshall terminate by reason of death of the employee or in case of his total disability toperform duties established by a medical report approved by the competent StateMedical Authority.If partial disability of an employee permits him to perform different duties which * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 34. - 31 -conform with his health state, the employer shall transfer the employee, at the lattersrequest, to another job of such other duties and shall pay him the remunerationnormally paid by the employer in similar cases without prejudice to entitlement andindemnity accrued to the employee in accordance with this Law. ARTICLE (115)*If the employer has terminated an employment contract with a limited period, forreasons other than those provided for under Article (120) hereof, he becomes liablefor payment of compensation to the employee against damages sustained by him,provided that the sum of compensation in all events, may not exceed the total pay dueto him for a period of three months or for the remaining period of contract whicheveris shorter, unless the terms of the contract provide otherwise. ARTICLE (116)*If the contract has been terminated on part of the employee, for reasons other thatthose provided for under Article (121) hereof, the employee becomes liable forcompensating the employer against losses incurred by him in consequence of contracttermination, provided that the amount of compensation, may not exceed half amonths pay for a period of three months or for the remaining period of contractwhichever is shorter, unless the terms of the contract provide otherwise. ARTICLE (117)1. The employer and employee may terminate the employment contract with unlimited period, for a valid reason at any time after conclusion of the contract by written notice duly given to other party, thirty days at least prior to termination.2. In respect of daily pay employees period of notice shall be as follows: a. On week in the employee has worked for more than six months but less than one year. b. Two weeks if the employee has worked for at least one year. c. One month if the employee has worked for at least five years. ARTICLE (118)The contract shall continue to be valid throughout the period of warning referred to in * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 35. - 32 -the preceding Article and shall expire with the expiry date of the warning. Theemployee shall be entitled to full pay during the notice period on the basis of last payhe earned, and he shall have to perform his duties during such period if so instructedby the employer.It may not be agreed to waive or reduce period of warning but it may be agreed toincrease such period. ARTICLE (119)If the employer or the employee has failed to serve notice to the other party fortermination of the contract or has reduced the notice period, the party obliged to servethe notice shall pay to the other party an indemnity called "Compensation in lieu ofnotice", and it is incurred by the other party as a result of failure to give notice or forreduction of said period, and the indemnity shall be equal to the employees pay forthe notice period in full or in proportion to the diminished part. In regard toemployees on monthly, weekly, daily or per hour work pay the notice allowance shallbe computed on the basis of last pay earned by them. With regard to employees paidon piece work basis, allowance shall be calculated on the basis of the average dailypay provided for in Article (57) hereof. ARTICLE (120)The employer may dismiss the employee without notice in the following cases:1. If the employee adopts a false identity or nationality or if he submits forged documents or certificates.2. If the employee is appointed under a probationary period and dismissal occurred during or at the end of said period.3. If he commits an error causing substantial material loss to the employer provided that the latter advises the labour department of the incident within 48 hours from having knowledge of the same.4. If the employee violates instructions concerning safety of the place of business provided that such instructions are displayed in writing at conspicuous places and in case of an illiterate employee the latter be informed verbally of the same.5. If he fails to perform his basic duties under the contract of employment and persists in violating them despite formal investigation with him in this respect and warning him of dismissal if the same is repeated.6. If he divulges any secrets of the establishment where he is employed.7. If he is awarded final judgement by the competent court in respect of an 36. - 33 - offence prejudicing honour, honesty or public morals.8. If during working hours he is found drunk or under the influence of drug.9. If in the course of his work he commits an assault on the employer, the manager or any of his colleagues.10. If he absents himself without lawful excuse for more that twenty intermittent days or for more than seven successive day during one year. ARTICLE (121)The employee may leave the service without notice in the following cases:a. If the employer does not fulfil his obligations towards the employee as provided for in the contract or in this Law.b. If the employer of his legal regal representative has committed an act of assault against the employee. ARTICLE (122)Termination by the employer of an employees service is considered arbitrary if thecause for such termination has nothing to do with the work. In particular, terminationis considered arbitrary if the employees service has been terminated on grounds, or areasonable complaint lodged by him to the competent authorities, or on grounds of ajustifiable action brought by him against the employer. ARTICLE (123)*a. If the employee has been arbitrarily dismissed, the competent court has the jurisdiction to give judgement against the employer for payment of compensation to the employee. The court shall determine the amount of this compensation, taking into consideration the nature of work sustained by the employee, period of service and after investigation of dismissal circumstances. Provided that in all cases the amount of compensation should not exceed the employees pay for a period of three months, to be worked out on the basis of last pay due to him.b. The provisions of the preceding clause shall not prejudice to the employees entitlement to the gratuity due to him and notice period provided for in this Law. * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 37. - 34 - ARTICLE (124)The employer may not terminate the service of an employee for his health deficiencybefore he avails himself of the leaves lawfully due to him. Any agreement to thecontrary is deemed null and void even if it is made before this Law comes intooperation. ARTICLE (125)The employer shall provide the employee at the end of his service and at the lattersrequest with an end of service certificate free of charge. Said Certificate shall includedate of appointment and date of termination, total period of service, nature of workperformed by him and his last pay plus allowances, if any. Certificates or diplomas,papers and tools belonging to the employee shall be returned to him. ARTICLE (126)If any change takes place in the form of the establishment or in its legal status, validcontracts at the time of change shall continue to exist so between the new employerand the employees of the establishment, and service shall be deemed to be continuous.Both the former and the new employers shall jointly be liable for a period of sixmonths for the fulfillment of obligations arising from contracts of employment in theperiod prior to such change and after the lapse of the said period the new employershall be solely responsible. ARTICLE (127)If work assigned to the employee allows to acquaint with the employers clients orhave access to the secrets of his work, the employer may oblige the employee thatafter termination of the contract he may not compete with him or take part in anybusiness interest competitive to the employers. Such agreement shall be valid only ifthe employee has reached the age of 21 years at the time of its being executed and ifthe agreement is limited with respect to the place, time and nature of work to theextent as is necessary to safeguard the lawful interest of business. ARTICLE (128)Any non-national employee who absents himself from work without lawful reasonsprior to the end of the contract for a limited period, may not take up employmentelsewhere even with the consent of the employer for one year after the date on whichhe absented himself from duties. And no other employer who is aware of that may 38. - 35 -employ or keep such employee in his service during such period. ARTICLE (129)If the non-national employee has notified the employer of his desire to terminate thecontract with unlimited period and has absented himself from work before the end ofthe legal notice period, he may not take up employment elsewhere before the lapse ofone year from date of absence from work, even with consent of employer, and noother employer, who is aware of the case may recruit him or keep him in servicebefore the end of such period. ARTICLE (130)The provisions of Article (128) and (129) exempt non-national employee who obtainsprior approval of the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs before taking up anotheremployment with the approval of the original employer. ARTICLE (131)Expenses for repatriation of an employee to his place of origin or any other placeagreed upon by both parties shall be borne by the employer. If the employee after theend of his contract takes up employment somewhere else, repatriation expenses upontermination of his service shall be paid by the last employer subject to the provisionsin the preceding clauses, and if the employer has failed to repatriate the employee andhas not paid the repatriation expenses, the competent authorities shall do this at theemployers expense by way of attachment. If the cause for termination of contract isattributed to the employee, his repatriation will be arranged at his own expense if hehas the mean to pay. ARTICLE (131) (REPEATED)*1. In application of the provisions stated in the preceding clause, the expenses of employers repatriation shall mean the cost of his travel ticket and whatever is provided for in the employment contract or in the bylaws of the Establishment, such as the employees entitlement to travel tickets for his family and costs for shipment of his luggage.2. In the cases where the employer provides the employee with accommodation, the employee shall be obliged to vacate the accommodation within a period not to exceed thirty days from the date of his service termination. * Added by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 39. - 36 -3. The employee may not delay vacation of accommodation, thereafter, for any reason whatsoever, provided that the employer fulfills his obligation towards the employee with respect to the followings:a) Expenses defined in Clause (1) under this Article.b) End of service remuneration and any other dues assumed by the employer under the employment contract or the bylaws or the Law.4. However, if the employer raised a dispute with respect to the amount of expenses and dues referred to above; the competent labour Department shall determine urgently the amount of such expenses and dues, within one week of a notification being sent to it, provided always that after such determination is made by the Labour Dept. the employee must be informed forthwith.5. In such a case, the validity of the thirty days period referred to in Clause 2 under this Article, shall take effect from the date, the employer deposits the expenses and dues determined by the labour Department, with the treasury of Labour Dept. as a trust. If however the employee has failed to vacate the accommodation after expiry of the said thirty days, the Labour Department, in cooperation with the competent authorities in the concerned Emirate, will take the necessary administrative action to secure vacation.6. No provisions under this Article is deemed to prejudice the right of employee to litigate thereabout before the competent court. Article (131-a-1)*1- Employer shall undertake to submit a bank guarantee to the competent labour department. The type, amount, procedures and companies and establishments subject to this condition, as well as other relevant provisions shall be defined by a Cabinet Resolution. Such guarantee shall be for the good performance of the employers obligations stipulated in Articles 131 and 131-a herein. 2.Deduction of amounts from the bank guarantee mentioned in para (1) of * Added by Federal Law No. (14) of 1999. 40. - 37 - present article shall be by virtue of a court judgement, except for the following: 1. Return expenses of the employee to his home country or wherever as agreed with employer. 2. Amounts acknowledged by employer before the competent labour department as entitlements of employee. In both cases, the Ministry may deduct such entitlements from the guarantee referred to in Para (1) hereof and pay the same to the employee to settle his dues. SECTION (2) END OF SERVICE REMUNERATION ARTICLE (132)*The employee who has completed one year or more in the continuous service, isentitled to the end of service remuneration at the end of his service. Days of absencefrom work without pay are not included in computing the period of service, and theremuneration is to be calculated as follows :-1. Twenty one days pay for each year of the first five years of service.2. Thirty days pay for each additional year.Provided that the entire total remuneration shall not exceed two years pay. ARTICLE (133)The employee shall be entitled to end of service remuneration in respect of fractionsof the year payable pro rata to the time actually worked provided that he hascompleted one year of continuous service. ARTICLE (134)**"Without prejudice to the provisions of some laws regarding the granting of pensions * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986 ** Amended by Federal Law No. (15) of 1985. 41. - 38 -and gratuities to employees of some establishments, the end of service gratuity shallbe computed on the basis of last wage which the employee was entitled to, in respectof those drawing their salary per month, week or day, and on the basis of averagedaily wage stipulated in Article (57) in respect of those drawing their wages on piecework basis. The wage which is considered as basis for computation of the end ofservice gratuity shall not include anything given to the labourer in kind, housingallowance, transport allowance, travel allowance, overtime allowance, representationallowance, cashiers allowance, children education allowance, recreation and socialservices allowance or any other allowances". ARTICLE (135)The employer may deduct any amounts due to him from the employees end ofservice remuneration. ARTICLE (136)In fulfillment of the provisions of Article (132), cases of employment preceding theeffective date of this Law shall not be considered as cases entitling the employee toend of service gratuity. Without prejudice to rights acquired by the employee underany repealed labour law or contracts of employment, agreements, by-laws orregulations of the establishment. In the event of his death, the employees gratuityshall be paid to his legal heirs. ARTICLE (137)If an employee under a contract with unlimited period has left his work at his ownoption after a continuous service of not less than one year and not more than threeyears, he shall be entitled to one third of the end of service gratuity provided for inthe previous Article.If the period of his continued service is more than 3 years and less than 5 years hebecomes entitled to 2/3 of the said gratuity, but if his continued service exceeds 5years, he becomes entitled to the entire gratuity. ARTICLE (138)If an employee under a contract with limited period leaves his work at his own optionbefore the end of the contract period he shall not be entitled to end of service gratuityunless the period of his continuous service exceeds five years. 42. - 39 - ARTICLE (139)The employee shall be fully deprived of the end of service gratuity in any of thefollowing cases:a. if he is dismissed from service for any reason in accordance with Article (120) of this Law or if he leaves his work to avoid dismissal in accordance with the provisions of this Article.b. If he leaves his work willingly and without notice in cases other than those enumerated in Article (121) under this law with respect to unlimited period contracts or before he completes five years of continuous service with respect to limited period contracts. ARTICLE (140)In any establishment where a saving fund is raised for employees and if theregulations of such fund provide that payments made by the employer to the fund forthe account of employee is a legal commitment against the end of service gratuity, theamount of savings or benefits due hereunder shall be paid whichever is greater. If thefund regulations have no provisions that amounts paid by employers is a legalcommitment for the end of service gratuity, the employee shall collect amount due tohim from the saving fund in addition to the legal gratuity. ARTICLE (141)In any establishment where a pension or security schemes or similar schemes aremaintained, the employee who is entitled to retirement pension may select either thislatter or the prescribed gratuity or whichever from both thus is more favourable tohim. CHAPTER VIII INDEMNITY FOR LABOUR ACCIDENTS AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ARTICLE (142)If the employee sustains a labour injury or occupational disease as enumerated inSchedule (1) and (2) attached to this Law, the employer or its representative mustreport the accident instantly to the Police and Labour Department or any of itsbranches having jurisdiction over the place of business. 43. - 40 -The report must include employees name, age, vocation, address, and nationality inaddition to a brief description of the accident, its circumstances and the arrangementsmade for the employees medical aid or treatment.The police shall carry out necessary investigation, upon receipt of the report whichcontains statements of witnesses and employer or his representative and statement ofinjured if his condition so allows, and the report must indicate in particular if theaccident is related to work, and whether it was deliberate or a result of grossmisconduct on the part of the employee. ARTICLE (143)Following the investigation, the police must send a copy of the report to the LabourDepartment and another to the employer. The Labour Department may request thatthe investigation be completed or otherwise it shall have the investigation directlycompleted if it is deemed necessary. ARTICLE (144)In cases of Labour accidents and occupational diseases the employer shall pay theemployees treatment expenses at government or private hospitals until he recovers orhis disability is proven. Treatment includes admission in hospitals or sanitorium, andsurgical operation, X-ray and laboratory fees in addition to medicines andrehabilitation equipment purchased, artificial limbs and apparatus provided to thedisabled persons. Moreover, the employer must pay the transport expenses arisingfrom the treatment of employee. ARTICLE (145)If the injury prevents the employee from carrying out his duties, the employer mustpay him a financial subsidy equal to full pay throughout the period of treatment or fora period of six months, whichever is shorter. If treatment lasts from more than sixmonths, said subsidy shall be reduced to the half for another period of six months oruntil the employee recovers from illness or his disability becomes certain or he dieswhichever occurs first. ARTICLE (146)Financial subsidy referred to in the preceding Article is calculated on the basis of lastpay received by the employee in respect of employees who receive monthly, weekly,daily, hourly wages and on the basis of the daily average pay provided in Article (57) 44. - 41 -with respect to employees on piece work pay. ARTICLE (147)The medical practitioner in charge shall at the end of treatment make a duplicatereport, a copy of which shall be handed to the employee and the other to theemployer, and shall defined in the report kind and cause of injury, date of accident,its relation to work and period of treatment and whether the employee has sustainedpermanent infirmity, or otherwise and degree of disability, if any, and whether suchdisability is total or partial as well as his ability to carry on duties with the existingdisability. ARTICLE (148)If a dispute arises in connection with the extent of employees physical fitness forwork or grade of disability or other matters related to injury or treatment, the questionmust be referred to the Minister of Health through the competent Labour Department.A medical board comprising three government physicians shall be formed by theMinistry of Health each time such dispute is referred to it to decide the extent of theemployees physical fitness for service or grade of his disability or any matter relatedto the injury and treatment. The board may consult with specialized experts and thedecision of the board shall be final and forwarded to the Labour Department to takenecessary steps for its execution. ARTICLE (149)If the employee dies as a result of a labour accident or occupational disease, theemployees family members shall be entitled to an indemnity equal to the basic pay ofthe employee for a period of 24 months, provided that the amount of indemnity shallnot be less than eighteen thousand Dirhams and not more than thirty five thousandDirhams. The amount of indemnity shall be calculated on the basis of the last payearned by the employee prior to his death. Such indemnity shall be distributed amongthe beneficiaries of the deceased employee in accordance with the provisions of theschedule attached hereto.In application of the provisions of this Article, the term "members of the deceasedfamily" shall mean such persons who at the time of death of the employee used to beentirely or mainly supported by the income of deceased, that is:a. Widow or widower 45. - 42 -b. Children, namely: 1. Sons who have reached the age of 17 years and those who regularly attend schools and have not completed 24 years of age, or those who mentally or physically are incapable to earn living. The term sons includes sons of the husband or of the wife who were under the guardianship of the deceased at time of his death; 2. Unmarried daughters, including the daughters of the husband or wife who are not married and at the time of death were under the guardianship of the deceased. 3. Parents; 4. Brothers and sisters according to terms provided for sons and daughters. ARTICLE (150)If labour accident or occupational disease results in a permanent partial disability ofthe employee, he shall be entitled to indemnity in accordance with rates enumerated inthe two schedules attached to this Law multiplied by the amount of death indemnityprescribed in the first paragraph of the preceding Article, as the case may be. ARTICLE (151)The amount of indemnity due to the employee in the event of a permanent totaldisability shall be equal to that due in the event of death. ARTICLE (152)The Minister of Labour and Social Affairs may if necessary and in agreement with theMinister of Health, amend the occupational diseases in Schedule (1) and indemnity ofdisability in Schedule (2) attached to this Law. ARTICLE (153)Neither the injured employee nor the members of his family shall be entitled toindemnity in respect of injury or disability if it has not caused death and if theinvestigations by the competent authorities have established that the employee hasdeliberately caused injury to himself with intention of committing suicide or to obtainindemnity or sick leave or otherwise, or if the employee was at the time of theincident under the influence of drug or alcoholic drinks, or if he has wilfully violatedsafety instructions displayed conspicuously at the place of business or if his injury ordisability resulted from serious premeditated misdemeanor on his part or if he has 46. - 43 -refused unreasonably the medical checkup or treatment as prescribed by the medicalboard formed in accordance with the provisions of Article (148).In any of the cases hereinabove, the employer shall not be under obligation to providetreatment or any financial subsidy to the employee. CHAPTER IX COLLECTIVE LABOUR DISPUTES ARTICLE (154)Collective labour disputes means any dispute between the employer and hisemployees, concerning common interests for all or part of the employees in anestablishment or vocation or a certain profession or in any specific vocational sector. ARTICLE (155)If a dispute arises between an employer(s) and all or part of his/their employees andboth parties fail to reach an amicable settlement, the following steps shall be taken:1. The employees shall submit their complaint in writing to the employer and simultaneously dispatch a copy thereof to the Labour Department.2. The employer shall reply in writing to the complaint or claims of the employees within seven working days from date of receipt of the complaint. A simultaneous copy thereof shall be submitted to the Labour Department at the same time.3. If the employer fails to submit his reply to the complaint within the fixed period or if his reply does not result in settlement of the dispute, the competent Labour Department of its own motion or at request of either party shall mediate to settle the dispute amicably.4. If the complaint is made by the employer, he must submit the complaint directly to the Labour Department to mediate for an amicable settlement of the dispute. ARTICLE (156)If mediation efforts by the competent Labour Department have failed to reach a 47. - 44 -settlement on the dispute within 10 days from date of the Departments knowledgethereof the Department must refer the dispute to the competent conciliation board forsettlement and notify both parties of its decision in writing. ARTICLE (157)In each Labour Dept. a board is to be set up and called the Conciliation Board, andfor this purpose a decision shall be taken by the Minister of Labour and Social Affair. ARTICLE (158)Each party to the dispute shall follow-up the matter before the Conciliation Boarduntil a decision is awarded and the Board shall issue its decision by majority withintwo weeks from date on which the dispute was referred to it.The decision shall be binding on both parties only if they have agreed in writingbefore the Board to accept it decision. If such agreement is not made, either party orboth parties may challenge the Boards decision before the Supreme ArbitrationCommittee within thirty days from date on which decision was made, otherwise, thedecision shall be deemed to be final and enforceable. ARTICLE (159)Rescission of employment contract or dismissal of the employees representatives whoare members of the Conciliation Board shall not prevent performance of their dutieson the Board unless the employees elect other representatives. ARTICLE (160)A Committee called the Supreme Arbitration Committee is to be formed forSettlement of collective Labour Dispute, at the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs,composed as follows:1. The Minister of Labour as Chairman, and in his absence the Under Secretary or the Director - General of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs shall replace him.2. A judge of the Supreme Federal Court is nominated by the General Assembly of this Court as a member and appointed by order of the Minister of Justice.3. A person with experience and knowledge in labour matters and known for his impartiality is appointed as member by order of the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs. Two alternate members may be selected from the two 48. - 45 - categories of the two regular members to act for them in their absence. Appointment of regular and alternate members shall be valid for three renewable years, and renewal shall take place in the same manner as the appointment. ARTICLE (161)The Supreme Arbitration Committee for settlement of collective labour disputes shallhave the powers to issue final and conclusive judgements on all disputes referred to itby the concerned parties. Decisions of said Committee shall be taken by majority thegrounds shall be stated. ARTICLE (162)In accordance with a proposal from the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, and inconsultation with the Minister of Justice, a decision shall be taken by the Council ofMinisters regulating litigation proceedings and other rules necessary for the goodprogress of the work before the Conciliation Boards and the Supreme ArbitrationCommittee for solving Collective Labour disputes. For the purpose of performingtheir functions these Boards and Committees may inspect papers and documents,records and other evidences and compel persons in possession of the same to submitthese materials. They may also enter the establishment to conduct necessaryinvestigation and to take whatever measures that are deemed to be necessary forsettlement of the dispute. ARTICLE (163)*Neither party to the dispute my again raise the conflict regarding which a finaljudgement has been given by any of the Boards referred to herein, unless with themutual agreement of both parties to the dispute. ARTICLE (164)The Boards referred to herein, shall apply the provisions of this Law, the laws inforce and the rules of Islamic Sharia as well as any other customary rules, principlesof justice, natural and comparative laws which are consistent therewith. ARTICLE (165)The decisions rendered by the Supreme Committee of Arbitration in settlement ofcollective labour disputes shall be enforced with the cooperation of the competent * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 49. - 46 -authorities in each Emirate. CHAPTER X LABOUR INSPECTION ARTICLE (166)Labour inspection shall be undertaken by specialized inspectors attached to theMinistry of Labour and Social Affairs, and having the prerogatives and powersprovided for in this law. Labour inspectors shall carry cards issued by the Ministry oflabour and Social Affairs certifying their capacity. ARTICLE (167)Labour inspectors shall have the following powers:a. Control the proper implementation of the provisions of the Labour Law particularly in respect of the conditions of work, remuneration and protection and safety of employees during the performance of their duties and such other matters related to the health and safety of employees and the employment of juveniles and women.b. Supply employers and employees with information and technical guidance to enable them adopt the best methods for the implementation of the provisions of this law.c. Report to competent authorities, any problems which the existing rules cannot remedy and to propose whatever is necessary to this .d. Make report of cases found in violation of the provisions of the Labour Law, regulations and decisions issued for their implementation. ARTICLE (168)Before assuming their functions, labour inspectors shall take an oath before theMinister of Labour and Social Affairs that they will honour law, perform their dutiessincerely and honestly and that even after cessation from their present posts they shallnot divulge any secret or industrial trade mark or other secrets which may come totheir knowledge ex officio, and to treat the complaints received by them in fullsecrecy and shall not disclose to employer or to his agents the contents of suchcomplaints. 50. - 47 - ARTICLE (169)The employers and their agents must provide the inspectors designated to performlabour inspection, with , all such necessary facilities and information for theperformance of their functions and to comply with the summons to appear beforethem and to send their representatives when they are requested to do so. ARTICLE (170)The labour inspector shall have the following powers:1. Enter any establishment governed by the provisions of this Law at any time of the day or night without prior notice provided he performs that during working hours.2. Carry out any inspection or investigation as may be necessary to ensure the proper implementation of the Law, and in particular he shall : a. Interrogate the employer or employees either alone or in presence of witnesses in respect of any matter related to implementation of the provisions of the Law. b. Inspect all documents required to be kept in accordance with the provisions of the Labour Law and decisions made in execution thereof and to obtain photocopies and extracts therefrom. c. Take one or more samples of materials used or related to the industrial operations or in other operations subject to inspection if such materials are believed to be harmful to the health or safety of employees, in order to have them analyzed in government laboratories to determine the extent of harm and inform the employer or his representative of the results and to take appropriate measures in this regard. d. Ensure that notices and publications are displayed conspicuously at the place of business in accordance with the provisions of the Law. ARTICLE (171)The Minister of Labour and Social Affairs shall issue the necessary regulations fororganizing inspection measures stipulated in the preceding Article. ARTICLE (172)Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 169 hereinabove, any person carrying 51. - 48 -out inspection must notify the employer or its representative of his presence unless hebelieves that the purpose of inspection requires otherwise. ARTICLE (173)A labour inspector may, in order to secure the compliance with the provisionsconcerning the health and safety of the employees, instruct the employers or theirrepresentatives to alter the machines and equipment used by them and to perform thiswithin the time-limits prescribed by him. And in the event where an imminent dangerthreatens the health and safety of the employees, he may impose any necessarymeasures aiming at averting such danger immediately. ARTICLE (174)If during an inspection visit, the inspector finds any violation of this Law, regulationsor executive decisions, he shall report the violation in writing and refer the same tothe competent Labour Department for necessary action against the offender. ARTICLE (175)The labour inspector may, if necessary , request the competent administrativeauthorities and policemen to provide necessary help.In cases where inspection relates to health aspects of the business the inspector must,with the consent of the director of the concerned Labour Department be accompaniedby a specialized physician from the Ministry of Health or the physician appointed forthis purpose. ARTICLE (176)The Chief Labour Inspector shall make a monthly report on the activities of labourinspection, areas of inspection, and organizations inspected, number and nature ofcontraventions made and to make an annual report on inspection in the area showingresults and effects of inspection and whatever remarks and proposals he may havewith a copy of the monthly and annual reports to be sent to the Labour Department. ARTICLE (177)The Ministry of Labour shall prepare an annual report on inspection in the State,containing the role played by the Ministry in supervising the application of the LabourLaw, and in particular, the following matters:1. A statement on the provisions regulating inspection.2. A statement on officials having the authority to inspect.3. Statistic in respect of inspected establishments, number of employees, number of visits and inspection visits made by the inspectors, as well as violations committed and penalties imposed labour accidents and cases of occupational diseases. 52. - 49 - ARTICLE (178)Forms for violation reports, inspection registers, notices and warnings, as well asappropriate regulations to maintain and use them, are to be made and circulated by theMinistry of Labour to labour Departments in different areas. ARTICLE (179)Subject to the priority given to nationals and to the general pre-requisite conditions forappointment of employees, the labour inspectors are required to :1. Have the character of complete impartiality.2. Have no direct interest in the establishments they inspect.3. Pass a special test in behaviour, following a training course of at least three months. ARTICLE (180)Special training courses for labour inspectors shall be organized by the Ministry ofLabour, during which the inspectors shall in particular receive training on thefollowing:1. Principles of organization of inspection visits and contact with the employers and employees.2. Methods of checking registers and books.3. Principles of guidance of the employers on the interpretation of and the results obtained from the application of the Law provisions, and assisting them in the implementation of such provisions.4. Basic principles of industrial technology and safety methods against labour accidents and occupational diseases.5. Basic principles of self-sufficient production and its effect on maintaining favourable conditions for the performance of the work. CHAPTER XI PENALTIES ARTICLE (181)* * Amended by Federal Law No. (12) of 1986. 53. - 50 -Without prejudice to any severe penalty provided for in another law of imprisonmentfor a period not to exceed six months, and a fine not less than Dhs three thousand andnot more than Dhs. ten thousand or either of the two penalties shall be inflicted to:1. Any person who violates any of the obligatory provisions of this Law or any of the executive regulations or orders issued thereunder.2. Any person who hinders or prevents any of the official assigned to enforce the provisions of this Law or any of is executive regulations or resolutions, or whoever attempts or starts to prevent him form performing his job either by force or violence or by threatening to use force or violence.3. An official entrusted with the implementations of the provisions hereof and who disclose any confidential matter in respect of work, or any industrial patent or any other activities of work which may have come to his knowledge, in the course of his assignment, even though he has left the work. ARTICLE (182)Execution of judgements to pay fines may not be stayed. Fines imposed on theemployer shall vary in accordance with the number of employees regarding whom theviolation was committed, provided that the total amount of the penalty imposed shallnot exceed three times the maximum limit of the fine fixed . The provisions of thisArticle shall apply on the cases where a violation is committed against the followingrules and any regulations and orders issued in implementation thereto :1. Violation of the provisions of Article 13.2. Violation of the provisions of Section 2 and 3 of Chapter II.3. Violation of the provisions of Chapter III.4. Violation of the provisions of Articles 114, 124, 125, 128 129, 142 and 144. ARTICLE (183)In the event where an offence is committed again before the lapse of one year formthe act of a judgement being rendered against the perpetrator in respect of a similaroffence, the Court may inflict the double of the penalty. ARTICLE (184)Subject to the provisions stipulated in Articles 34, 41 and 126 criminal proceedingsmay be filed against the General Manager who is responsible for the management ofthe establishment and against the employer if circumstances give the belief that he wasnot unaware of the facts constituting the violation. ARTICLE (185)If the employer has not fulfilled his obligations hereunder the competent Labour 54. - 51 -Department may issue a decision showing the subject of violation, and instructing theemployer to complete the work within a period to be fixed from date on which he hasbeen notified, otherwise the Department shall carry out such work at the expense ofthe employer and collect costs by way of sequestration. ARTICLE (186)In application of the provisions of this Law, the regulations and decisions in executionthereof, the Labour Department shall not in as far as possible, resort to criminalproceedings except after advise and guidance ar given to the employers and employeesinvolved in the violation and when necessary warning is given to them in writing torectify their situation in accordance with the Law, before initiating any procedure. CHAPTER XII CONCLUDING PROVISIONS ARTICLE (187)The Minister of Labour shall take a decision establishing Labour Departments andoffices vested with powers to implement this law and determine their areas ofjurisdiction. ARTICLE (188)The Directors of Labour Departments and Officials of the Inspection Section at theMinistry of Labour shall be vested with Judiciary capacity for the implementation ofthis Law, regulations, decisions and orders issued in execution thereof. ARTICLE (189)Any provision inconsistent with the provisions of this Law is hereby repealed. ARTICLE (190)Without prejudice to the cases under this Law regarding the exemption from fees, theMinister of Labour shall determine in a decision given by him the fees due for theissue of Labour recruitment offices licenses, employment visas, work permits,renewal and issue of copies thereof provided that such fee shall not exceed Dh. 500(five hundred only). ARTICLE (191)According to a proposal by the Minister of Labour and Social Affairs the Council ofMinistry may issue rules which are more beneficial to national employees. ARTICLE (192) 55. - 52 -The Ministry of Labour shall take the necessary decisions for the enforcement of theprovisions of this law, and Ministers according to their areas of jurisdiction shall putsuch rules into effect. ARTICLE (193)This Law shall be published in the Official Gazette and shall take effect sixty daysafter the date of its publication. Zayed Bin Sultan Al- Nahyan President of The United Arab EmiratesPresidential Court - Abu Dhabi6 Jumadi Ul Thani 1400 AhCorresponding to 20 April, 1980 AD. 56. - 53 - SCHEDULE NO. 1 OCCUPATIONAL DISEASESSr. No. DISEASE OCCUPATION CAUSING THE DISEASE1. Poisoning by lead and its Any occupation which requires use compounds or handling of lead or its compounds containing lead.2. Poisoning by mercury and its Any occupation requiring use or compounds handling of mercury or its compounds or any items containing mercury or exposure to mercury dust or gases or its compounds or items containing mercury.3. Poisoning by arsenic and its Any occupation requiring use or compounds. handling or arsenic or its compounds or any items containing arsenic or exposure to dust or gases of arsenic or its compounds or items containing arsenic .4. Poisoning by antimony and its Any occupation requiring use or compounds. handling of antimony or its compounds or any items containing antimony or exposure to dust or gases of antimony or its compounds or items containing antinomy.5. Poisoning by phosphorus and its Any occupation requiring use or compounds. handling of phosphorus or its compounds or exposure to the dust or gases of phosphorus or its compounds or items containing phosphorus.6. Poisoning by products, benzene or Any occupation requiring use or its homologues or any compounds handling of such products or any or derivatives thereof. work requiring exposure to its dust or gases.7. Poisoning by manganese and its Any occupation requiring use or compounds. handling of manganese or its compounds or any items containing manganese or exposure to the dust 57. - 54 -Sr. No. DISEASE OCCUPATION CAUSING THE DISEASE or gases of manganese or any other items with manganese content.8. Poisoning by sulfuric metal and its Any occupation requiring use or compounds. handling of sulfuric metal or its compounds or any items having sulfuric content or exposure to the dust and gases of sulfuric metal and its compounds or any items having sulfuric content.9. Poisoning by petroleum, its gases, Any occupation requiring use or derivatives or compounds. handling of benzene and its derivatives or its compounds or exposure to the dust or vapors of benzene whether in solid, liquid or gaseous form.10. Poisoning by chloroform or carbon Any occupation requiring use or tetrachloride. handling of chloroform or carbon tetrachloride or exposure to the gases containing them.11. Diseases resulting from Radium or Any occupation requiring exposure radio-active (X-rays). or radium or any other radio-active substance or X=rays.12. Chronic skin disease and burns of Any occupation requiring use or the skin and the eye. handling of tar or coal tar equipment, mineral oil or kerosene (or cement, flour or similar dust or any of their compounds, products or residues).13. Eye affections from the heat and Any occupation requiring recurrent light, and the consequences of such or continuous exposure to reflection affections. of light, heat or radiation emitted by molten glass, hot or molten metals or exposure to powerful light and high temperature that could cause harm to eye or sight.14. Pneumoconioses resulting from : Any occupation requiring exposure 1.Silicosis (Silicon dust) to silicon dust or any items with 2.Asbestosis (Asbestos dust) silicon content in a concentration of 58. - 55 -Sr. No. DISEASE OCCUPATION CAUSING THE DISEASE 3.Byssinosis (cotton dust) more than 5%, such as work in rock cement factories, sandblasting of metals or any other occupation requiring a similar exposure, as well as any work requiring exposure to asbestos or cotton dust to such an extent as to result in such a disease.15. Anthrax Any work requiring contact with animals affected by such a disease or with their skins, horns and hair.16. Glanders Any works requiring contact with animals affected by this disease.17. Pulmonary Tuberculosis Any work in hospitals providing treatment patients affected by this disease.18. Enteric Fever Any work in hospitals specialized in the treatment of this disease. 59. - 56 - SCHEDULE NO. 2 PERMANENT DISABILITY COMPENSATION ASSESSMENT___________________________________________________________________________________DISABILITY S/R NATURE OF PERMANENT DISABILITY PERCENTAGEDEGREE___________________________________________________________________________________Total 1Loss of both arms from the shoulder or loss of any two or more limbs 100 2 Total loss of sight or loss of both eyes 100 3 Total paralysis 100 4 Imbecility or total mental deficiency 100 5 Injuries or accidents to the head or skull causing continuous headache 100 6 Total disfigurement of face. 100 7 Injuries and accidents to the chest and internal organs causing permanent and total inability to function normally 100___________________________________________________________________________________Partial 8 Loss of both legs from the thigh 90 9 Loss of both arms from elbow or above 85 10 Excessive disfigurement of the face 80 11 Total loss of both hands from the elbow 12 Total loss of right arm from shoulder joint or from the elbow 70 13 Loss of both legs from the knee or above 70 14 Total loss of left arm from the shoulder joint or from the elbow 60 15 Loss of one leg from the knee or above 60 16 Loss of right arm from the elbow or below. 60 17 Loss of one leg from the thigh 60 18 Loss of both legs from below the knee 60 19 Total loss of tight hand including thumb 60 20 Loss of left arm from above or below the elbow 50 21 Loss of the left hand fingers including thumb 50 22 Loss of one leg below the knee 50 23 Total and permanent loss of hearing 50 24 Loss of tongue or permanent dumbness 45 25 Loss of both feet from the ankle or below 45 26 Loss of genital organ 45 27 Loss of sight of one eye 45 28 Loss of right hand from the wrist 38 29 Loss of thumb or four fingers of the right hand. 35 30 Loss of left hand from the wrist 34 31Loss of thumb or four of the left hand fingers 25___________________________________________________________________________________ 60. - 57 -DISABILITY S/R NATURE OF PERMANENT DISABILITY PERCENTAGEDEGREE___________________________________________________________________________________Partial 32 Loss of one foot from the ankle or below 20 33 Loss of all toes of one foot including the big toe 20 34 Loss of three of the right hand fingers excluding the thumb 15 35 Loss of the index finger of the right hand 15 36 Loss of the phalanges joint of the right hand thumb 10 37 Loss of the index finger of the left hand 10 38 Loss of three of the left hand fingers excluding the thumb 10 39 Loss of all toes foot of one excluding the big toe 10 40 Loss of big toe of one foot 10 41 Loss of the last phalanges joint of the left foot great toe. 6 42 Loss of the right hand middle finger 6 43 Loss of the left hand middle finger 6 44 Loss of the right hand annular finger 6 45 Loss of the left hand annular finger 6 46 Loss of the right hand auricular finger 6 47 Loss of one finger of the left hand 6 48 Loss of the phalanges joint of any finger excluding the thumb 5 49 Loss of the right hand index finger second joint 5 50 Loss of the foot toes excluding the great toe 5 51 Loss of one molar tooth 3 52 Loss of one canine tooth 2___________________________________________________________________________________1. Total incapacity to use any organ of the body or part thereof is considered equal to total loss of such organ or part of the body.2. If the person injured is a left - handed the compensation hereinabove provided for the left hand shall be the same as for the right hand.3. In the case of marring, disfigurement or unnatural alternation of any organ or part of the body or any sense not covered by the above schedule, the rate of disability shall be estimated, in case of dispute, by the medical board referred to in Article 148 hereof which shall take into consideration nearest similar case in the above schedule. 61. - 58 - SCHEDULE NO. (3) TERMS AND PROVISIONS GOVERNING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE DEATH COMPENSATION AMONG THE FAMILY MEMBERS OF THE DECEASED EMPLOYEE1. In the presence of the widow/widower with parents and the child who were in the care of deceased, the compensation shall be distributed in such a way that the widower shall get one eighth and the widows, if more than one, shall have one eighth divided equally among them, the father shall have on third, and both parents shall have one third equally between them, and the rest to the child. Should there be no child, the widower or widows, if more than one, shall get two thirds of compensation, the father shall have the rest, and if both parents are alive, they shall have the rest to be divided equally between them. In the absence of the parents the widow/widower shall have one eighth provided it is divided equally among widows if more than one, and the child shall have the rest . In the absence of either a child or a father with the widower/widow, the latter, shall have the full compensation provided it is divided equally between widows if more than one.2. In the presence of a father and a child who were under the care of the deceased but in absence of a widow, the child shall have two thirds and the rest to the father or equally to both parents if they are still in existence.3. In the presence of children used to be supported by the deceased employee, and in absence of the widower, widow, parent, or parents, or brothers or sisters who were supported by him, the compensation shall be distributed among the children equally, and if there is only one child he shall have the full amount of the compensation.4. In the presence of parents who were supported by the deceased employee without children, widow or widower, the compensation shall be distributed between the parents equally. Unless only one parent exists he/she shall have the full compensation. Brothers and sisters supported by the employee prior to his death shall have the same share as parents in the absence of the latters.